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Native Pathways to Education
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AN ANALYSIS OF ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT
OF INDIAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
IN FEDERAL AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS

by

Willard P. Bass

Southwestern Cooperative Educational Laboratory
1404 San Mateo Blvd., SE
Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106

May 1971

 

This study was funded through a contract with the U.S. Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Indian Affairs, Contract No. 14-20-0650-1689. The views and findings stated herein are not necessarily those of the U.S. Office of Education, and no endorsement is stated or implied.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This report is the culmination of nearly five years of gathering, processing, and analyzing data. Literally hundreds of people have contributed in some measure to the project. Obviously, it is not practicable to name them all, or even to attempt to make personal mention of the scores of those who deserve special recognition.

Appreciation is extended to officials of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and of some state departments of education, and to superintendents of participating public and federal schools for their cooperation so vital to the initiation and continuation of the project. Principals and faculty members were most gracious and helpful in scheduling, organizing, and assisting in the supervision of testing sessions and in providing requested information. We are indebted to a host of individuals who were engaged in directing or conducting the testing in the schools; many were SWCEL personnel and others were faculty members or graduate students of various universities.

Gratitude is expressed to many past and present members of the SWCEL data management staff for their conscientious and skillful processing of the data, and to a number of secretaries for their efficient handling of correspondence and careful typing of copy.

Finally, thanks are extended to the hundreds of students who took the tests and supplied requested information.

W. P. B.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. INTRODUCTION

II. METHOD

The Sample
Measuring Instruments
Testing Procedures
Analysis of Data

III. ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT BY SCHOOL TYPES

One-Year Analyses
Two-Year Analyses
Three-Year and Four-Year Analyses
Summary of Analyses of Academic Achievement by School Types

IV. ACADEMIC-ACHIEVEMENT BY AREAS

One-Year Analyses
Two-Year Analyses
Three-Year and Four-Year Analyses
Summary of Analyses of Academic Achievement by Areas

V. ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT BY GRADE AND SEX

Academic Achievement by Grades
Academic Achievement by Sex

VI. RESPONSES TO OTHER MEASUREMENT INSTRUMENTS

Responses to Questionnaire
Responses to Mooney Problem Check List
The Semantic Differential
Comparing Semantic Differential Scores by Concepts
Comparing Semantic Differential Scores by School Types
Comparing Semantic Differential Scores by Grades
Comparing Semantic Differential Scores by Areas
Comparing Semantic Differential Scores by Sexes
Responses to School Interest Inventory
Comparing School Interest Inventory Scores by School Types and Areas
The California Psychological Inventory and the Value Orientation Scale
The Vocational Aspiration Scale

VII. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN VARIABLES

Variables Measured
Correlations Between Achievement and Other Variables
Relationships of Value Orientation and Self-Concept to Academic Achievement
Academic Achievement and the Language of the Home

VIII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

Academic Achievement by Types of Schools
Academic Achievement by Areas
Academic Achievement by Grades
Academic Achievement by Sexes
Responses to Other Measurement Instruments
Relationships Between Variables

APPENDIX A Tables of Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analyses of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means by School Types

APPENDIX B Tables of Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analyses of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means by Areas

APPENDIX C Student Questionnaire

APPENDIX D Participant High Schools


LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Ninth Grade Students By School Type, 1966-67

Table 2 Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means and Rankings By Grade and School Type; One-year Analyses

Table 3 Summary of Rankings of School Types Based Upon Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means; One-year Analyses

Table 4 Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means and Rankings By Grade and School Type; Two-year Analyses

Table 5 Summary of Rankings of School Types Based Upon Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means; Two-year Analyses

Table 6 Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means and Rankings By Grade and School Type; Three and Four-year Analyses

Table 7 Summary of Rankings of School Types Based Upon Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means; Three-year Analyses

Table 8 Total Rankings of School Types Based Upon Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means; A11 Time Spans

Table 9 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Ninth Grade-Students Fall 1966-Spring 1967, By Area

Table 10 Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means and Rankings By Grade and Area; One-year Analyses

Table 11 Summary of Rankings of Areas Based Upon Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means; One-year Analyses

Table 12 Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means and Rankings By Grade and Area; Two-year Analyses

Table 13 Summary of Rankings of Areas Based Upon Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means; Two-year Analyses

Table 14 Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means and Rankings By Grade and Area; Three and Four-year Analyses

Table 15 Summary of Rankings of Areas Based Upon Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means; Three-year Analyses

Table 16 Summary of Rankings of Areas Based Upon Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means; Four-year Analyses

Table 17 Total Rankings of Areas Based Upon Adjusted Criterion Achievement Means; A11 Time Spans

Table 18 Academic Achievement By Grade; California Achievement Test Battery

Table 19 Mean Raw Scores By Sex and Grade; California Achievement Battery

Table 20 Affirmative Responses of Students to Questionnaire Items In Percentages By School Type

Table 21 Affirmative Responses of Students to Questionnaire Items In Percentages By Areas

Table 22 Mooney Problem Check List Responses in Percentages By Sex

Table 23 Mooney Problem Check List Responses In Percentages For Each Sex By Areas

Table 24 Mooney Problem Check List Responses In 'Percentages For Each Sex By School Type

Table 25 Mooney Problem Check List Responses In Percentages For Each Sex By Grades

Table 26 Mean Scores of Factors for Concepts of Semantic Differential By School Type and By Grade

Table 27 Mean Scores of Factors for Concepts of Semantic Differential By Area and By Sex

Table 28 Responses to Selected School Interest Inventory Items In Percentages for Total Sample

Table 29 Mean Weighted Scores of Indian High School Students On the School Interest Inventory By School Types and Areas; Spring. 1968

Table 30 Analysis of Variance of School Interest Inventory Mean Scores

Table 31 Average Weighted Scores of Indian High School Graduates, Transfers and Unknowns, and Dropouts on the School Interest Inventory

Table 32 Mean Scores for Five California Psychological Inventory Scales and the Value Orientation Scale By School Type and Sex; Spring 1969

Table 33 Mean Scores for Five California Psychological Inventory Scales. and the Value Orientation Scale By Area and Sex; Spring 1969

Table 34 Mean Scores for Five California Psychological Inventory Scales and the Value Orientation Scale by Grade and Sex; Spring 1969

Table 35 Mean Scores for Five California Psychological Inventory Scales and the Value Orientation Scale by Sex; Spring 1969

Table 36 Groups of Occupations Appearing in the Vocational Aspiration Scale for Males With Rankings

Table 37 Groups of Occupations Appearing in the Vocational Aspiration Scale for Females With Rankings

Table 38 Coefficients of Correlation Between All Variables

Table 39 Coefficients of Correlation Between Academic Achievement and Two Other Variables

Table 40 Actual and Expected Frequencies of Home Language of Indian High School Students Who Achieved at or above the 50th Percentile on the California Achievement Test; Fall 1966 and Fall 1967

Table A1 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Tenth Grade Students 1966-67, By School Type

Table A2 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Manes of Eleventh Grade Students 1966-67, By School Type

Table A3 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Twelfth Grade Students 1966-67, By School Type

Table A4 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables. With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Ninth Grade Students Fall 1967-Spring 1968, By School Type

Table A5 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Tenth Grade Students Fall 1967-Spring 1968, By School Type

Table A6 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Eleventh Grade Students Fall 1967-Spring 1968, By School Type

Table A7 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Twelfth Grade Students Fall 1967-Spring 1968, By School Type

Table A8 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Tenth Grade Students Spring 1968-Spring 1969, By School Type

Table A9 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Eleventh Grade Students Spring 1968-Spring 1969, By School Type

Table A10 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Twelfth Grade Students Spring 1968-Spring 1969, By School Type

Table A11 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Tenth Grade and Post-Tested in Eleventh Grade Spring 1969-Spring 1970, By School Type

Table A12 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Eleventh Grade and Post-Tested in Twelfth Grade Spring 1969-Spring 1970, By School Type

Table A13 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Ninth Grade and Post-Tested in Tenth Grade Fall 1966-Spring 1968, By School Type

Table A14 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Tenth Grade and Post-Tested in Eleventh Grade Fall 1966-Spring 1968, By School Type

Table A15 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Eleventh Grade and Post-Tested in Twelfth Grade Fall 1966-Spring 1968, By School Type

Table A16 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Ninth Grade and Post-Tested in Tenth Grade Fall 1967-Spring 1969, By School Type

Table A17 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Tenth Grade and Post-Tested in Eleventh Grade Fall 1967-Spring 1969, By School Type

Table A18 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Eleventh Grade and Post-Tested in Twelfth Grade Fall 1967-Spring 1969, By School Type

Table A19 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Ninth Grade and Post-Tested in Eleventh Grade Spring 1968-Spring 1970, By School Type

Table A20 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Tenth Grade and Post-Tested in Twelfth Grade Spring 1968-Spring 1970, By School Type

Table A21 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Ninth Grade and Post-Tested in Eleventh Grade Fall 1966-Spring 1969, By School Type

Table A22 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Tenth Grade and Post-Tested in Twelfth Grade Fall 1966-Spring 1969, By School Type

Table A23 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Ninth Grade and Post-Tested in Eleventh Grade Fall 1967-Spring 1970, By School Type

Table A24 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Tenth Grade and Post-Tested in Twelfth Grade Fall 1967-Spring 1970, By School Type

Table A25 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Ninth Grade and Post-Tested in Twelfth Grade Fall 1966-Spring 1970, By School Type

Table B1 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Tenth Grade Students Fall 1966-Spring 1967, By Area

Table B2 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Eleventh Grade Students Fall 1966-Spring 1967, By Area

Table B3 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Twelfth Grade Students Fall 1966-Spring 1967, By Area

Table B4 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Ninth Grade Students Fall 1967-Spring 1968, By Area

Table B5 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Tenth Grade Students Fall 1967-Spring 1968, By Area

Table B6 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Eleventh Grade Students Fall 1967-Spring 1968, By Area

Table B7 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Twelfth Grade Students Fall 1967-Spring 1968, By Area

Table B8 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Tenth Grade Students Spring 1968-Spring 1969, By Area

Table B9 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Eleventh Grade Students Spring 1968-Spring 1969, By Area

Table B10 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Twelfth Grade Students Spring 1968-Spring 1969, By Area

Table B11 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Tenth Grade and Post-Tested in Eleventh Grade Spring 1969-Spring 1970, By Area

Table B12 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Eleventh Grade and Post-Tested in Twelfth Grade Spring 1969-Spring 1970, By Area

Table B13 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables- With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Ninth Grade and Post-Tested in Tenth Grade Fall 1966-Spring 1968, By Area

Table B14 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Tenth Grade and Post-Tested in Eleventh Grade Fall 1966-Spring 1-968, By Area

Table B15 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Eleventh Grade and Post-Tested in Twelfth Grade Fall 1966-Spring 1968, By Area

Table B16 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Ninth Grade and Post-Tested in Tenth Grade Fall 1967-Spring 1969, By Area

Table B17 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Tenth Grade and Post-Tested in Eleventh Grade Fall 1967-Spring 1969, By Area

Table B18 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Eleventh Grade and Post-Tested in Twelfth Grade Fall 1967-Spring 1969, By Area

Table B19 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Ninth Grade and Post-Tested in Eleventh Grade Spring 1968-Spring 1970, By Area

Table B20 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Tenth Grade and Post-Tested in Twelfth Grade Spring 1968-Spring 1970, By Area

Table B21 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Ninth Grade and Post-Tested in Eleventh Grade Fall 1966-Spring 1969, By Area

Table B22 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Tenth Grade and Post-Tested in Twelfth Grade Fall 1966-Spring 1969, By Area

Table B23 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Ninth Grade and Post-Tested in Eleventh Grade Fall 1967-Spring 1970, By Area

Table B24 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Tenth Grade and Post-Tested in Twelfth Grade Fall 1967-Spring 1970, By Area

Table B25 Mean Scores of Criterion and Control Variables With Analysis of Covariance and Adjusted Criterion Means of Students Pre-tested in Ninth Grade and Post-Tested in Twelfth Grade Fall 1966-Spring 1970, By Area

 

 

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Last modified August 14, 2006